CentOS 如何加入第三方 Yum 套件庫: EPEL
EPEL 的全稱為「Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux」,是由 Fedora 社群打造,為 RHEL 及衍生發行版如 CentOS、Scientific Linux、Rocky Linux、Oracle Linux...等提供高品質套件庫的專案。裝了 EPEL 之後,等於添加了一個資源豐富的第三方套件庫。
安裝 EPEL 套件庫
直接安裝 EPEL 看看:
$ yum install epel-release
幸運的話,你的系統中有啟用 CentOS 官方的 extras 套件庫,裡面就有 EPEL 的套件,直接安裝就會成功!
依下面的指令可查看系統中的套件庫,裡面就有 extras 套件庫:
$ yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base CentOS-6 - Base 6,713
extras CentOS-6 - Extras 47
updates CentOS-6 - Updates 1,193
repolist: 7,953
如果上述的步驟安裝失敗,可自行下載 rpm 來安裝:
# CentOS/RHEL 5.x $ wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm $ rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm # CentOS/RHEL 6.x $ wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm $ rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm # CentOS/RHEL 7.x $ wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm $ rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm # CentOS/RHEL 8.x $ wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm $ rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm # CentOS/RHEL 9.x $ wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm $ rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm
如果上述的檔案連結失效了,可至 EPEL 的套件下載網頁,依版本及目錄結構去尋找相對應的檔案來安裝,並不難找。
安裝好 epel-release-*.rpm 之後,再次查看系統中的套件庫:
$ yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id repo name status
base CentOS-6 - Base 6,713
epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 12,581
extras CentOS-6 - Extras 47
updates CentOS-6 - Updates 1,193
repolist: 20,534
看到多出了 epel 與一萬多個套件,這樣就小功告成了!
EPEL 可用的套件
- dl.fedoraproject.org:
- ftp.iij.ad.jp:
- 其它 Mirror Server:
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